HMS Hampshire was a Devonshire-class armoured cruiser of the Royal Navy. She was constructed at the Chatham Dockyard, Kent and commissioned in 1905 at a cost of around £900,000.

She served in World War I and fought at the battle of Jutland on May 31, 1916. Immediately after the battle she was directed to carry Lord Kitchener from Scapa Flow on a diplomatic mission to Russia. Sailing for Archangel in a gale she struck a mine at around 19:40 on June 5, 1916 off Mainland, Orkney between Brough of Birsay and Marwick Head. The ship sank very rapidly. Kitchener, his staff and most of the crew perished; only twelve men survived. The mine is believed to have been one of those laid by the submarine U-75 on May 23.

The wreck was designated as a controlled site under the Protection of Military Remains Act. She lies in around 65 metres of water at 59°7′2″N, 3°23′46″W. In 1983 one propeller and part of a drive shaft were illegally salvaged. The prop was later given to Lyness museum, Orkney after protests.